There are two main concepts in your research question:Ģ. Research question exampleIs there a relation between sleep and social media behavior in teenagers? Identify the main concepts you are interested in studying.īased on your research interests and goals, define your topic and come up with an initial research question. Select indicators for each of your variables.ġ.Choose a variable to represent each of the concepts.Identify the main concepts you are interested in studying.There are 3 main steps for operationalization:
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If your results don’t vary when you use different measures, then they are said to be “robust.” How to operationalize concepts If you test a hypothesis using multiple operationalizations of a concept, you can check whether your results depend on the type of measure that you use.
Physiological responses of higher sweat gland activity and increased heart rate when presented with threatening images.Average ratings of the originality of uses of an object that participants come up with in 3 minutes.The number of uses for an object (e.g., a paperclip) that participants can come up with in 3 minutes.The difference between where people rank themselves compared to others and where they actually rank ( overplacement).The difference between how well people think they did on a test and how well they actually did ( overestimation).These differences mean that you may actually measure slightly different aspects of a concept, so it’s important to be specific about what you are measuring. Generally, abstract concepts can be operationalized in many different ways. This means that your results are context-specific, and may not generalize to different real-life settings. For example, an experimental intervention for social anxiety may reduce self-rating anxiety scores but not behavioral avoidance of crowded places. Your choice of operational definition can sometimes affect your results. Operationalization reduces subjectivity and increases the reliability of your study. Without transparent and specific operational definitions, researchers may measure irrelevant concepts or inconsistently apply methods. In quantitative research, it’s important to precisely define the variables that you want to study. Frequently asked questions about operationalization.Probability vs non-probability sampling.
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